Resumo: O uso de procedimentos rápidos e precisos para a análise de sementes é um fator importante para a tomada de decisões nas diferentes fases da produção de sementes. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivos avaliar a ocorrência de danos internos e associar características morfológicas de sementes de milheto com o potencial fisiológico e avaliar o vigor das sementes com o uso do Seed Vigor Imaging System (SVIS®) em comparação com outros testes de vigor tradicionalmente utilizados. Oito lotes de sementes de milheto da cultivar ADR 300, foram analisados quanto à germinação, vigor (primeira contagem, envelhecimento acelerado, teste de frio e SVIS®), morfologia interna (raios X) e parâmetros morfológicos (perímetro, área e circularidade). O teste de raios X é eficiente para a avaliação da morfologia interna, permitindo a identificação de danos mecânicos, deterioração de tecidos e malformação, possibilitando estabelecer a relação entre o dano observado e o prejuízo causado à germinação. As análises com SVIS® em plântulas com dois dias de germinação são seguras para determinação do vigor de sementes de milheto. Os parâmetros de perímetro e de área estão relacionados com o potencial fisiológico de sementes.

Abstract: The use of fast and precise procedures for seed analysis is an important factor for making decisions at different stages of seed production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of internal damage and associate morphological traits of pearl millet seeds with their physiological potential, and evaluate seed vigor using the Seed Vigor Imaging System (SVIS®) compared to other traditional vigor tests. Eight seed lots of the pearl millet cultivar ADR 300 were analyzed for germination, vigor (first count, accelerated aging, cold test, and SVIS®), internal morphology (X-ray), and morphological parameters (perimeter, area, and roundness). The X-ray test is effective in evaluating the internal morphology of pearl millet seeds, allowing identification of mechanical damage and of deteriorated and malformed tissues, making it possible to establish a relationship between the damage observed and the negative effect on germination. SVIS® analyses on two-day-old seedlings are a reliable method for assessing seed vigor of pearl millet. Parameters of perimeter and area of the seeds are related to their physiological potential.

ABSTRACT: The refinement of vigor tests and the possibility of utilizing computer resources for the effective evaluation of the seed physiological potential have attracted considerable interest from research and seed technologists. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological potential of maize seeds using the newly-created Automated Analysis of Seed Vigor System (Vigor-S) compared with other recommended seed vigor tests; two maize hybrids were used, each represented by seven seed lots. Germination and vigor (cold test, saturated salt accelerated aging, and field seedling emergence) evaluations were conducted. For the evaluation of seed vigor with the use of seedling image analysis resources, two systems were compared: the Seed Vigor Imaging System (SVIS®), developed by Ohio State University, USA and the Vigor-S, resulting from collaboration between USP/ESALQ and EMBRAPA (Embrapa Instrumentation). Using these two systems, three day old seedlings were scanned and the images were analyzed. Similar results for the vigor index, uniformity of development, and seedling length were obtained. The computerized image analysis of seedlings using Vigor-S has advantages with respect to accuracy, speed, and the possibility of automatic application to a worksheet. It is a consistent alternative for the evaluation of maize seed vigor, and produces information compatible with that obtained by the accelerated aging test and SVIS®.